The Poetry Of Langston Hughes - 1498 Words

Poetry, just like music, is a form of expressing the human language in a manner that manipulates the emotion and thought. With this definition in mind, poetry evolves as time and atmospheres change, and as they change, new challenges become present leading to different kinds of expressions and feelings about an environment. Thus, it is with these changing expressions and ideas that poetry itself evolves. However, poetry’s foundation does not rest solely on the fact that it is a medium through which feelings are expressed, but it is the medium through which many poets teach, and articulate revolutionary conceptions. This aspect can be applied to the famous poet Langston Hughes, whom by expressing his feelings of oppression in a racist†¦show more content†¦Aside from the how the first stanza exemplified African American pride, is how the second stanza defines what it means to be an African American. Within the second stanza that states â€Å" I am the darker brother/T hey send me to eat in the kitchen/When company comes/ But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong.†, The metaphor of Blacks being sent into a kitchen demonstrates how diversity in America between those of white and dark complexion has led to a segregated environment. Hughes suggests that whites consider Blacks as the shame and scum of society to the extent that they are sent in a desolate place, when company and opportunity is presented. Moreover, Hughes explains that no matter the circumstances or predispositions set against Blacks, African Americans will continue to eat well and grow strong, as well as persevere through the hardship until they acquire the freedom and prestige that they deserve. Apart from this, Hughes suggests how African Americans will achieve their freedom in society, within the third stanza that states Tomorrow,/ I’ll be at the table /When company comes./ Nobody’ll dare Say to me,/ ‘Eat in the kitchen,’/ Then.† What Hughes infers within this stanza is that the pain and oppression put upon African African Americans will finally come to an endShow MoreRelatedThe Poetry Of Langston Hughes1727 Words   |  7 PagesLangston Hughes is arguably one of the best known American writers of the twentieth century. He played an important influential part in the Harlem Renaissance, his poetry and other literary works helped pave way to a new wave of African American culture and literature. Hughes had a wide variety of works, he was much more than just a poet; he was a short-story writer, novelist, and playwright (Brucker). He was also very involved in the Black Arts Movement, and had works published in â€Å"The Crisis† theRead MoreLangston Hughes Poetry649 Words   |  3 PagesLangston Hughes, the most memorable figure of the Harlem Renaissance, wrote everything from plays, short stories, novels, and most importantly poetry. Hughes’ writing is based on his personal views on frustration that he had towards the plight of African Americans. Langston has no fear with anything he is involved in and stood up for his people. Unfortunately, his people responded negatively towards his actions, for they thought he was creating more racial tensions. Nevertheless, this was not Hughes’Read MoreThe Poetry Of Langston Hughes1001 Words   |  5 PagesPoetry is a platform used to express emotions, ideas, and style. Poets take inspiration from their background and past experiences to eloquently formulate their thoughts. Langston Hughes was no exception. Famous for his contribution to the embracement of African American culture in America during the Harlem Renaissance, Hughes began forming his thoughts into poetry early in his life. From growing up in segregated American and his involvement in the Harlem Renaissance, Langston Hughes accounts theRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes Poetry2405 Words   |  10 PagesLangston Hughes was primarily an American poet and social activist who h ad tremendous racial pride, to say the least. He played an important role in uplifting his people, especially during the Harlem Renaissance. Hughes’ poetry and fiction portrayed the lives of working class blacks in America as well as celebrating African American culture. In his poetry, he strove to speak to, as well as for, the black masses. One of the ways that Hughes would incorporate African American culture and traditionRead MoreLangston Hughes Poetry Analysis1008 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1951, Langston Hughes wrote on of his more political poems titled â€Å"Harlem.† It shone light on the need for change in the African American society. Hughes used this poem, and many others like it, to help pioneer the Harlem Renaissance. Born in Joplin,Missouri , Hughes (1902-1967) grew up in Lincoln, Illinois and Cleveland,Ohio. He began writing poetry during his high schoolyears(Gardner,465).His high school companions, most of whom were white, remembered him as a handsome Indi anlooking youthRead MoreIdentity in the Poetry of Langston Hughes2807 Words   |  12 PagesSearch for Identity in the Poetry of Langston Hughes In exploring the problem of identity in Black literature we find no simple or definite explanation. Nevertheless, it is generally accepted that it is rooted in the reality of the discriminatory social system in America with its historic origins in the institution of slavery. One can discern that this slavery system imposes a double burden on the Negro through severe social and economic inequalities and through the heavy psychological consequencesRead MoreAnalysis Of Langston Hughes s Poetry977 Words   |  4 PagesLangston Hughes is widely renowned for his ability to represent the struggle of the African American community through his poetry during the time period around the Harlem Renaissance. As a world traveler and successful African American man, he was able to use his fame to enlighten the world, namely the white population, on the inequality and abuse of African American population in the United States. Despite his own battle with unhappiness and inequality (Royster, 344), Hughes was able to captureRead MoreLangston Hughes : African American Poetry1305 Words   |  6 PagesLangston Hughes: African American Poetry Langston Hughes grew up in a time of segregation, as a African American man living during the Civil Rights movement. During this time Langston wrote poetry from this point of view as a African American. Langston Hughes poetry is important due to his content, imagery, and voice. Through Langston’s voice he strengthened African Americans hope while opening the eyes of the white man to see what they are doing is wrong. Langston Hughes was born February 1,1902Read MoreThe Life and Poetry of Langston Hughes Essay776 Words   |  4 PagesCultural History, Langston Hughes was born February 1, 1902 in Joplin, Missouri. Growing up, he dealt with some hard times. His parents divorced when he was little and he grew up with neither of his parents. Hughes was raised by his grandmother since his father moved to Mexico after their divorce and his mother moved to Illinois. It was when Hughes was thirteen that he moved out to Lincoln, Illinois to be reunited with his mother. This is where Hughes began writing poetry. However, the familyRead MoreLangston Hughes Poetry Analysis Essay1287 Words   |  6 PagesArt is the illusion in which we see the truth- Pablo Picasso Langston Hughes clearly connects with a wide range of audiences through the simplicity that surrounds his poetry. The beauty of this manner in which he wrote his poetry, is that it grasp people by illustrating his narratives of the common lifestyles experienced by the current American generation. His art form expresses certain questionable ideologies of life and exposes to the audience what it takes to fully comprehend what being an

Sexual Harassment And Its Effects On The Workplace Essay

2. Findings/Discussion With a specific end to a goal to comprehend the impacts and to find a superior method for reducing sexual harassment in the workplace, it is imperative to realize what is known as Sexual Harassment first (Crull 1984). Sexual harassment can be abstracted as a sequences of collaborations amongst the harassers and victims that either restrain or upsurge violence by outsiders or third parties (McDonald et al. 2010). Different literature suggests how different models of study in sexual harassment predicts the sorts of activities prone to be utilized by culprits to minimize shock, predicts the outcomes of neglecting to utilize strategies such as backfire to raise outrage. Using this outline, this documented study observed outrage management model reported as a proof in 23 cases-decisions of sexual harassment in Australia. It was discovered that harassers minimize this outrage by covering up, undervaluing the objective, reinterpreting the occasions, utilizing official channels to give an a ppearance of equity and threatening or bribing individuals. The findings in this study likewise highlight that, given the constraints of statutory and hierarchical protections in decreasing the frequency and seriousness of sexual harassment in a community, individual answers might be in effect as a feature of a multilevel reaction in decreasing the rate and effect of workplace sexual harassment (McDonald et al. 2010). Another study by Sandra (1982) suggests that threeShow MoreRelatedSexual Harassment : How Does It Differ From Bullying?891 Words   |  4 Pages1. What is sexual harassment? How does it differ from bullying? Sexual harassment is an unwanted attention that is sexual in nature. It can be a one-time occurrence or a result of repeated behaviour. In addition, harassment is viewed from the victim’s perspective and what the perceiver or affected individual would feel in the exact same situation. Workplace bullying on the other hand can be defined as an act or verbal behavior that is persistent and continuous, with intent to mentally hurt or isolateRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace1253 Words   |  6 PagesSexual Harassment in the Workplace What cause sexual harassment in the workplace? Sexual harassment is defined as discrimination towards sex. It is unwanted verbal and/or physical contact between two human beings, however, in this case I would like to focus on the workplace (co-worker or supervisor). Based on Civil Rights Act of 1991, there has been an increased amount of incentives for employer’s prohibition conducts of sexual harassment. How people perceive and evaluate sexual harassmentRead MorePreventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace1166 Words   |  5 Pages Preventing Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Does the phrase â€Å"That’s what she said.† sound familiar? The phrase is from the popular hit television series The Office. The guy behind this popular quote is none other than Dunder Mifflin’s Michael Scott. This quote is not only inappropriate but it is also a form of sexual harassment and Michael Scott is the king of sexual harassment. Unfortunately sexual harassment is a problem that is occurring in the workplace. In another popular movie, HorribleRead MoreSexual Harassment At The Workplace990 Words   |  4 PagesIt is great to have a workplace where you are friends with your coworkers. But what happens when coworkers talk about other coworkers in a sexual context. Two male coworkers talking about female staff where coworkers in the area can hear. Your manager suggests that they can help you earn a promotion if you go out with them. This puts employees in awkward situations where they might not know if this is considered sexual harassment. If it is, an employee maybe unsure what to do about it. AccordingRead MoreIntroduction. The Purpose Of This Article Is To Provide1362 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The purpose of this article is to provide a concise summary of what sexual harassment is, discussing who it affects, and its prevalence in organisations using evidence and examples. A range of views will be provided to describe how sexual harassment affects organizations and employees. This article will examine the primary alternative interventions aimed at resolving for sexual harassment in the workplace. The alternatives are all considered to be preventions, rather than reactions toRead MoreSexual Harassment Is A Form Of Sex Discrimination1547 Words   |  7 PagesSection One: Sexual Harassment in the Workplace Sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination that violates Title Vll of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. AAUW, describes sexual harassment as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of nature. (Know Your Rights at Work: Workplace Sexual Harassment: AAUW, n.d.) The Title Vll is a federal law in which prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of sex, race, color, national origin, and religionRead MoreSexual Harassment1405 Words   |  6 PagesSexual harassment Sexual harassment in a healthcare workplace is a very important topic to discuss even though it is often swept under the rug. Even with all law, literature and discussions on sexual harassment, people still remain confused about what exactly constitutes sexual harassment. Therefore knowing what sexual harassment entails and looks like is a crucial step in the prevention of it from taking place. Sexual harassment is a form of gender discrimination; it can therefore be definedRead MoreWomen s Rights Of Women1657 Words   |  7 Pagesworkforce, great strides have been made for women in the United States to have the same rights and opportunities as men. While many things have been achieved over the years, challenges still remain for women in today’s workplace such as the maternity protection, sexism, and sexual harassment. While the International Labor Organization (ILO) has been working to protect women in the workforce by providing maternity protection to ensure that the women’s work does not pose any risks to the health of the womenRead MoreSexual Harassment And The Workplace1349 Words   |  6 PagesSexual harassment affects the way we work, impacts the way we conduct ourselves in the place of business. Sexual harassment comes in many shapes and forms, and has lingering effects. While only being noticed in the workplace, sexual harassment occurs in every type of job. Many noted cases have influenced the workforce; and the way we operate together. Policies to deter this action have failed in-order to completely dissolve such actions. Sexual harassment occurs in every work environment, influencesRead MoreThe Matter Of Law That Ellison s Reaction Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pageshave been in favor for Ellison. She had evidence of him sending her disturbing letters and also reported his stalker like behavior to her supervisor. Employers who fail to fully investigate sexual harassment complaints in the workplace could face detrimental consequences. All employers should have sexual harassment policies in place; however having a policy is not enough. Policies must be reasonably and properly enforced and there also must be effective internal procedures that will allow employees

Developing a Global Marketing Plan for Triumph Motorcycles Free Essays

Introduction Triumph motorcycles is a privately- owned British company. Triumph has always had its own distinctive character and a history of creating motorcycles. The company plans to enter Chinese market, they prepared a detailed marketing plan, which is including 7 main parts: marketing objectives, product adaptation, promotion mix, distribution, price determination, term of sale, and methods of payment. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing a Global Marketing Plan for Triumph Motorcycles or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marketing objectives a). Establish retail stores in Shanghai, Beijing and Hongkong b). plan to add 5 to 15 dealers through 2013 c). Increase retail unit sales to more than 28 percent d). Triumph for the planning years above 3,000,000, take 0.9% market share e). target markets- buy for leisure, buy for competition, and buy for collection. Market segment: a) geographic segmentation- population growth rate around 5.28†°, male to female ratio was 119:100, target population is around 50 000, East Sea and South Sea biggest part of Chinese GDP, China GNP in 2009 was $437 billion, in 2008 was $422 billion, growth rate 9.65% b). Demographic segmentation- between 25 and 45 occupied 70%. Buy for competition aged between 25-30, for collection aged over 38, buy it for leisure aged 30-40, aged 25 years above, 80% of target audience Bachelor degree or above. c). psychographic segmentation-(SRIC-BI) and (VALS) 2. Product adaptation a). core product benefits- features, image, technology, and perceived value b). product attributes-brand name, quality, packaging, design, size and color variants, country of origin, price c).support service-livery, installation, guarantees, after-sales service and spare parts 3. Promotion mix a), 1.advertising objective- increase among 200,000 people who personal annual income above $100,000, from 22 percent to 31percent in one year. 2. Media mix- television, magazines, outdoor, brochures and internet 3. Massage- Is not only a motorcycle, but also a lifestyle; go your own way b). 1.Sales promotions objective- carry new items, encouraging stocking, building brand loyalty, encouraging support of a new product or model, and searching more potential customers. 2. coupons-10% discount 3. Specialty advertising- low-cost items bearing the company’s name and address c). Personal selling- hired 10-15 sellers, AIDA method, FABV method d). Other promotional methods- Catalog marketing, Telemarketing 5. Distribution: from origin to destination a). Port selection-Tianjin port, Hongkong port,Shanghai port b). Mode selection C). Packing- wooden case, label attached on the container d). Document required- transportation documents, banking documents, commercial documents and government documents. e). Insurance- cover loss and damage to the product f). Freight forwarder- 1.advantages concentrated core business, reduce investment fee, decrease the risk, reduce the cost, save the expenditure, and decrease inventory; improve level of transportation service, improved; finally 2. reduce control in the supply chain, bring risk of relationship management, cause leakage of business secrets g). Channels of distribution- two-level channel: a wholesaler and a retailer. Type: department store and franchise organization. h). Wholesale middlemen- full-service wholesaler, mark-up the cost of 20 percent i). Import and export agent- negotiates exchange transaction, commission of 2 to 6 percent of the selling price j). Warehousing- distribution and automated warehouses, locate suburb of Shanghai 6. Price determination- Total retail price in China of $24,763, is a 206 percent of the British price 7. Term of sale-Ex-work,FOB, FAS,CIF 8. Methods of payment- cash in advance (unfair), letter of credit, open account (later) Conclusion The Chinese market is potential market for the company to entry. Triumph will find huge power of purchasing in China. Moreover, it has increasing demand of Chinese consumers for luxury products. Triumph motorcycle before enter Chinese market, they prepared a detailed marketing plan. Triumph already entry Chinese market. Introduction Triumph motorcycles is a privately- owned British company and that their motorcycle are designed, developed. Triumph has always had its own distinctive character and a history of creating motorcycles. Triumph’s aim is to craft motorcycles that deliver a great riding experience through the fusion of well- balanced, easy to handle chassis and strong, flexible engines. The company currently has market in many major counties like the UK, America, and Japan (Triumphmotorcycles.co.uk, 2011). As the development of emerging marketing, the company plans to enter Chinese market. In the face of globalization many firms attempt to expand their sales into Chinese market. However, internationalization is unlikely to be successful unless the firm prepares in advance. Just like Triumph motorcycle before enter Chinese market, they prepared a detailed marketing plan, which is including 7 main parts: marketing objectives, product adaptation, promotion mix, distribution, price determination, term of sale, and methods of payment. Marketing objectives In Chinese market Triumph continue developing truly existing motorcycles product that are distinctive in looks, design and performance to this new market. Triumph’s aim is to craft motorcycles that deliver a great riding experience through the fusion of well- balanced, easy to handle chassis and strong, flexible engines. The result is an inspiring range of motorcycles delivering intelligent, usable performance (Triumphmotorcycles.co.uk, 2011). In addition, in Chinese market Triumph group will pay more attention on after-sale service, such as, provide assembling and fitting service for customer convenience, also provide accessory. The long-term development projects and the solid business base Triumph have to start their new business relationship. Triumph already have retail store in Taiwan, according to this situation before enter Chinese main market they will sell product in internet first. This model we called â€Å"DELL direct selling model†. This model not only can b ring more profit for the company, but also make the user close to the company. Then supply of goods and service available to meet market demand. Next step will to establish retail stores in Shanghai, Beijing and Hongkong. Triumph strategy is multi-generational and multi-cultural. It calls to grow sales to their core customers, while growing sales to outreach customers at a faster rate. In Chinese markets Triumph plan to add 5 to 15 dealers through 2013, and in the same period increase retail unit sales to more than 28 percent (figure 2). From (figure 1) we can see that the whole industry sales for the 2009 about 25,427,700, industry sales for the 2010/1-7 mouths around 16,839,900, estimate industry sales for the planning year around 40,000,000, estimate sales for Triumph for the planning years above 3,000,000, take 0.9% market share of whole market (stats.gov.cn, 2009). Triumph has a great number of Chinese market information. These are information will help company good to know who is the potential customer, what they need, and how to communicate with customer. The target markets are followed: buy for leisure, buy for competition, and buy for collection. Triumph will use E-commerce which is the selling or buying of goods and information over the internet, and through transport. So they will spare no effort to serve their customer with high quality products and best service, no territory restriction. From geographic segmentation, China has a vast territory and a large population, despite the implementation of birth control, still sees a yearly net increase of 17 million peoples, a number equal to the population of a medium-sized country. The population growth rate is keep around 5.28†°, male to female ratio was 119:100(baidu.com, 2009). So Triumph total amount of target population is around 50 000. According to geographical region China is divided into three ladders. The most population focus mainly on ladder 1 and ladder 2.China from south to north is Bo Hai Sea, Yellow Sea, East Sea and South Sea. These four main areas boast a developed economy, well- grounded infrastructure and abundant human resources. Especially, areas of Ea st Sea and South Sea, these two areas contribute a biggest part of Chinese GDP. China GNP in 2009 was $437 billion, and in 2008 was $422 billion, growth rate about 9.65% (baidu.com, 2009). So Triumph’s new market will focus on Shanghai, Beijing and Hongkong. From demographic segmentation, the sex ratio of male customer is higher than the female customer. The age of the patients was mainly between 25 and 45 which occupied 70%. Customer buy product for competition aged between 25-30, for collection aged over 38, buy it for leisure will be a biggest part of sales, usually, aged 30-40. Aged 25 years above, 80% of target audience have Bachelor degree or above. Personal annual income above $100,000 will be target group. In China, around 200,000 people personal annual income above $100,000(stats.gov.cn, 2011). In psychographic segmentation, customer divided into different groups on the basis of lifestyle or personality and values (Kotler P, 2000). According to the consulting busin ess intelligence’s (SRIC-BI) value and lifestyles (VALS), the target audience trend to followed kinds of people: innovators who successful, sophisticated, with high self-esteem, also are very active consumers, purchases tastes for upscale product and service; Achievers who have goal-oriented lifestyles and a deep commitment career and family, image is important to achievers, they favor established, prestige product and services that demonstrate success to their peers; Strivers who are trendy and fun loving, favor stylish product, they are active consumers because shopping is both a social activity and an opportunity to demonstrate to peers their ability to buy(strategicbusinessinsights.com, 2011). In behavioral segmentation, the target group will be who trend to spending too much money on luxuries; who enjoys going to competition, like something exciting; who favor collection, a way to demonstrate success. Product adaptation â€Å"In creating an acceptable product offer for international market it is necessary to examine first what contributes to the ‘total’ product offer (Hollensen S, 2004).† In order to the product can be adapted for the Chinese market, it is necessary to examine what the product offer, which is called to the three levels of a product. First level, core product benefits which is include functional features, image, technology, and perceived value (Hollensen S, 2004). A product can also be adapted to function under Chinese political conditions. Development new technology and it’s for reducing motorcycle emissions in whole motorcycle industry. In Chinese market, Triumph still will keep have a distinctive three-cylinder layout, which makes them more powerful than the two-cylinder bikes, and more relaxing than the high revving four-cylinder bikes. In product image area, try to make customer feel comfortable, classical, fashion and luxurious. Motorcycles were also classified by types of use, generally separated into four groups: standard, which emphasized simplicity and cost; performance, which focused on racing and speed; touring, which focused on comfort and amenities for long-distance travel; and custom, which featured styling and individual owner customization (source: Case?.4 Triumph Motorcycles Ltd). Second level, generally we called product attributes, include brand name, quality, packaging, design, size and color variants, country of origin, price and staff behavior (Hollensen S, 2004). In Chinese market, the brand name better to change, because of different language system. For instance, in Taiwan market they change the brand name to Kaixuan which mean victory in Chinese. Chinese name will be better and easy for customer to pronounce, recognize and remember, so the company better to continue use Kaixuan in Chinese new market, also Triumph available too. In order to reduce the cost, product assembly in China, but supplier from around the world, keep product quality in the first level. The packaging, design, and color, which featured individual owner customization, depend on customer different demand, if customers willing to pay more for the convenience, appearance, dependability, and prestige of better packages, design, and color, the price of a product also will be difference and charge extra money; in a other hand, if customer do not want individual owner customization, the packaging, design, and color will be fixed and free, which already included in a product; in generally speaking, pricing strategy will follow Taiwan’s market. The size of Triumph’s motorcycles are in the middleweight and heavyweight category only, these two categories satisfy Chinese market demand. Third level, which include delivery, installation, guarantees, after-sales service and spare parts (Hollensen,S, 2004). Triumph will set up after-sales service in Chinese market, offer prompt and reliable after sale service, promise timely delivery, and guaranteed quality. Customer do not need to worried about repair, maintenance, and spare parts, all the service will be offered by Chinese after-sales service department. Promotion Mix a. Adverting objective â€Å"The advertising objective must flow from prior decisions on target market, market positioning, marketing mix (Kotler P, 2000).† Triumph’s advertising objective: to increase among 200,000 people who personal annual income above $100,000 the number who identify brand Triumph as a good quality, performance and worth to buy – from 22 percent to 31percent in one year. Persuasive advertising will be the best choice for Triumph. Triumph attempts to persuade consumers that delivers special taste and status than other brands of motorcycle. Try to make an explicit comparison of the attributes of another brand, such as, compare with Harley-Davidson. In media mix area, Triumph attempts to use television, magazines, outdoor, brochures and internet. Television advertising combines sight, sound and motion, also appealing to the sense, and with high attention and reach (Kotler P, 2000). For a new band in Chinese market, the first step should let costumer recognize the bra nd, so need keep exposal. Triumph attempts to advertise at peak viewing time at the CCTV (is a biggest TV station in China), especially during economic news time. Magazines might be a good choice. It is with high geographic and demographic selectivity, credibility and prestige, high- quality reproduction, long life and good pass-along readership (Kotler P, 2000). There are several magazines on the list, such as, For Him Magazine, which is best choice for man to read; Hurui Magnate Magazine, it is popular in rich people; or Auto Magazine. There are several reasons for choice outdoor advertising, because of high repeat exposure, flexibility, low cost and low competition (Kotler P, 2000). The poster announces in extra- large print in the commercial center and shopping center of a city. Brochures is a convenient media, it is more flexibility, full control and can dramatize messages. Triumph attempt to production a brochures, which include company history, product information, big event , contact information so on, then send to different kind of place, such as, golf club, polo club, yacht club, luxurious hotel, owner retail store and auction house. The most popular approach is the internet advertising, which include high selectivity, interactive possibilities, and relatively low cost. For example, Triumph can use facebook build close relationship with customers, also advertising on facebook. â€Å"Is not only a motorcycle, but also a lifestyle; go your own way†, it is a main advertising massage and product value Triumph deliver to customer. b. Sales promotions For Triumph, sales promotion objectives include persuading retailers to carry new items, encouraging stocking of related item, building brand loyalty, encouraging support of a new product or model, and encouraging searching more potential customers (Kotler P, 2000). In order to achieve the objectives, there are many sales promotion tools can be use. For instance, free trials, which inviting purchasers to try the product without cost, after that they may will buy the product. Triumph encourage free test-drives to stimulate purchase interest. Moreover, use coupons, which saving on the purchase of a specific product. Such as, buy Triumph’s coat with its T-shirt by a 10% discount coupon. Specialty advertising, which consists of useful, low-cost items bearing the company’s name and address, give to prospects and customers. Such as, pens, calendars. Join trade shows and conventions, which display to demonstrate Triumph’s product. Usually, trade show attracted thousand and thousand people attendance. c. Personal selling Personal selling is person-to person communication between a company and a buyer. The seller’s communication effort is focused on persuading, marking a sale and building a relationship with buyer (Keegan W. Green M. 2008). Every Triumph seller must be well trained, providing training in a specific trade with aim of gaining employment. Every Triumph retail store hired 10-15 sellers. Triumph’s seller will use two main methods to desire customer purchase behavior. First one is AIDA method- get attention?interest?desire?action (Kotler P, 2000), seller mouth to mouth introduce brand or product story to customers. Second one is FABV method-features?advantages?benefits and value (Kotler P, 2000), seller focus on describe product’s physical characteristics, and what the advantage. In order to better satisfy the clients, in Triumph, one seller completely follow one order, include guide after-sales service. d. Other promotional methods Catalog marketing: Triumph send full-line merchandise catalogs, specialty consumer catalogs, and business catalogs, usually in print form but also sometimes as CDs, videos, or on-line to customer (Kotler P, 2000). Make customer good to know Triumph and their product and service. Telemarketing: Triumph use telephone to attract new customer, to take order. Telemarketing will increase company’s income, reduce cost, improve customer satisfaction, and offer customer service and technical support. Distribution: from origin to destination a. Port selection In order to reduce the cost, Triumph plan to joint venture one Chinese motorcycle company, so most product assembly in China, some new and special case assembly in UK, and supplier from around the world. For example, a batch of products from British port deliver to Shanghai port by ocean carry, then distribute to Shanghai’s retail store. Beijing close with Tianjin port, Hongkong close with Hongkong port, so transportation is very convenient of all three markets. b. Mode selection Transportation usually constitutes 10-15 percent of the retail costs of imported goods (Hollensen S, 2004). There are four main modes of transport: rail, air, ocean and road. According to above comparison, Triumph will choice ocean carrier to be main vehicle; special use for international business to business mode; for national B to B, or B to C mode use motor carrier will be economical. If customer have extra requirement, air carriers also will be available, but need pay extra deliver fee. c. Packing A packing that catches the eye will help us push the sales. Triumph attempt to use wooden case to package motorcycle, use existing label make it to be an elaborately designed graphic that is part of the package. This label might describe the product: who produce this product, where it was made, and what kind of product it is (Kotler P, 2000). Finally, the label might promote the Triumph through its attractive graphics. Triumph will use container to deliver product, the label may be attached on the container, the label will identifies the product or brand, also will increase ratio of brand exposure. d. Document required Triumph require following four most common export documents: transportation documents, banking documents, commercial documents and government documents. Transportation document include bill of lading, dock receipt and insurance certificate (Hollensen S, 2004). More specific, now Triumph had a batch of product should transport from UK to Shanghai by ocean carrier. Ocean carrier will issue of dock receipt to Triumph to prove carrier received the product and start take responsibility of these products. Then will received bill of lading, may be used as an instrument of ownership. â€Å"Banking documents letter of credit is a financial document issued by a bank at the request of the Chinese Triumph, guaranteeing payment to the UK Triumph if certain term and a transaction are met† (Hollensen S, 2004). Commercial invoice is the bill for the products from the exporter to buyer, also as a basis of taxation to British government. Government documents included export declaration, consula r invoice and certificate of origin (Hollensen S, 2004). If British Triumph want to export their product to China, they have to complete fill the export declaration, include transportation information; also need consular invoice from Chinese consul that is used to control goods shipped there; certificate of origin is a document that is make Chinese buyer to know the origin of motorcycle. e. Insurance On the other hand, Triumph need to buy insurance certificate, that is provided to cover loss and damage to the product during the transport process. f. Freight forwarder Hiring a freight forwarder for Triumph Motorcycles transportation, will have distinct advantages and disadvantages. Analysis of pros and cons of hiring a freight forwarder, there are several advantages to hiring a freight forwarder with the goal to concentrated on all effort to developing core business; also can reduce investment fee, and decrease the risk; Triumph will reduce the cost, save the expenditure, and decrease inventory; improve level of transportation service, be more professional, the enterprise image is greatly improved; finally, take advantage of an in-place network complete with resources and experience. Unfortunately, freight forwarder might cause Triumph reduce the firm’s control in the supply chain; may bring risk of consumer relationship management; and might cause leakage of business secrets (etest8.com, 2011). g. Channels of distribution Triumph attempt to select a two-level channel to enter Chinese market. A two-level channel contains two selling intermediaries, such as a wholesaler and a retailer. There are two types of retailers satisfy Triumph motorcycle: department store and franchise organization. Department store operation several product lines, each line operated as a separate department, such as Shanghai Isetan which is located commercial center, only sell luxury goods. Business format franchising is mutually beneficial to both franchiser and franchisee. The franchisees familiarity with Chinese current surrounding, and they will bring the huge purchasing power of the franchisor (Kotler P, 2000). Chinese Triumph attempt to develop a brick-and-click model we called E-business. Customer available to make order through on-line, but need choice a specific retailer before you buy, then you order will send to this retailer. In first year, Triumph plans to open 6 shops in China, one department store and one franchis ed in Shanghai, and the same strategy in Beijing and Hongkong. Retail will markup for product of in each type of retail. For instance, suppose a Triumph motorcycle has the following costs and sales expectation: variable cost per unit is $1,000; fixed cost is $1, 000, 000; expected unit sales about 200. The manufacture’s unit cost is given by $6,000; the manufacturer’s markup price {markup price= unit cost / (1-desired return on sales 25%)} is given by $8,000. Triumph would charge Chinese retail $8,000 per motorcycle and make a profit of $2,000 per unit (Kotler P, 2000). h. Wholesale middlemen There are major wholesaler types: merchant wholesalers, full-service wholesalers, limited-service wholesalers, brokers and agents, manufacturers’ and retailers’ branches and offices, and miscellaneous wholesalers (Kotler P, 2000). According to Triumph’s situation, better to choice full-service wholesaler who only carry one merchandise line; also carry stock, maintain a sales force, offer credit, make deliveries, and provide management assistance to Triumph’s retail (Kotler P, 2000). Wholesalers usually mark-up the cost of the goods by conventional percentage, say 20 percent, to cover their expenses. Expenses may take 17 percent of the gross margin, leaving a profit margin of 3 percent (Kotler P, 2000). i. Import and export agent â€Å"Main function is to facilitate buying and selling, for which they earn a commission of 2 to 6 percent of the selling price (Kotler P, 2000).† Triumph hire a Chinese import agent who negotiates exchange transaction between British Triumph to Chinese wholesalers, but does not take power to the goods being purchased or sold. In China, current most import agent will charge 10 to 20 percent guarantee deposit, then import agent open a letter of credit to export part, that kind of work was import and export agent do. j. Warehousing Triumph in order to reduce warehousing costs, build a distribution and automated warehouses. This warehouses not only with advanced materials-handling system under the control of central computer, but also will as soon as possible to move out receiving goods (Kotler P, 2000). These warehouses will reduce worker injuries, labor costs, pilferage, and breakage and improved inventory control; benefit for consumer too, such as deliver on time. The warehouse will locate suburb of Shanghai, Because Shanghai between Beijing and Hongkong, also near the port. Price determination Triumph motorcycles shipped from Britain to China In this example, Triumph motorcycles shipped from Britain to China. A shipment of product that costs ex-works $12,000 in Britain, and total retail price approximately $25,000 in China. First, there is the total shipping charge of $5,485, which is 46% of the ex-works price. A currency adjustment factor is to protect the seller from disadvantageous shifts in the Dollar to RMB exchange rate. Finally, a dealer markup of 25 percent adds up to $4,952 of the British price. Total retail price in China of $24,763, is a 206 percent of the British price (Keegan W. Green M. 2008). Term of sale Ex-work means that the price quoted by the British Triumph applies at a certain point, and the buyer bears all risks and expenses from that point on. This term affords Chinese buyer maximum control over the cost of transporting the goods (Keegan W. Green M. 2008). With free on board (FOB) named port, the British Triumph will take the responsibility until the goods have cleared the ship’s rail, then the Chinese buyer take all responsibility of the goods the moment they pass over the ship’s rail. The price quote includes all charge up to the point when goods have been loaded (Hollensen S, 2004). Free alongside ship (FAS) named port is for a transaction in which seller places the shipment alongside, the goods will be transported out of the Britain by ocean vessel. The seller pays all charges up to the point; the buyer has to pay for loading the goods on the shipment. When goods are shipped cost, insurance, freight (CIF) named port, the risk of loss or damage to goods is t ransferred to the buyer once the goods have passed the ship’s rail. However, the British Triumph has to pay the expense of transportation, must also provide the necessary insurance (Keegan W. Green M. 2008). Methods of payment The most common payment methods are including: cash in advance, letter of credit, documents against payment and acceptance, open account, and consignment. The favorable term to the exporter is cash advance because it with low risk and financial risk, also allows for immediate use of the money. However, this method of payment unfair for importer, if they pay the money and the goods may not received. So such methods are not available for Triumph. Worldwide letters of credit are very popularly and very important. â€Å"Banking documents letter of credit is a financial document issued by a bank at the request of the Chinese Triumph, guaranteeing payment to the UK Triumph if certain term and a transaction are met† (Hollensen S, 2004). Open account is quite simplicity to Chinese buyer, they does not have to pay credit charge to banks. The Chinese buyer can pick up the goods without payment first. A disadvantage of the method is that there are no safeguards for payment. Consequently, for the first cooperation using letter of credit benefit for both side. However, if later British Triumph feel Chinese buyers are very trustworthy and excellent credit rating, there is another option for payment which is consignment (Hollensen S, 2004). Conclusion The Chinese market is potential market for the company to entry. Triumph will find huge power of purchasing in China. Moreover, it has increasing demand of Chinese consumers for luxury products. Chinese attempt to improvement of life quality and the change of consumption view. On the other side, the brand is new and young for Chinese market, it means low brand awareness; also strong competition its threats. Fortunately, Triumph motorcycle before enter Chinese market, they prepared a detailed marketing plan. Triumph already entry Chinese market. Reference: Triumphmotorcycles.co.uk, (2011) http://www.triumphmotorcycles.co.uk/the-triumph-company [Viewed 25 Feb. 2011] www.baidu.com (2009) the rate of gender proportion, http://tieba.baidu.com/f?kz=563315305 [Viewed 25 Feb. 2011] www.baidu.com (2009) the rank of GNP all over the world, http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/117304651 [Viewed 25 Feb. 2011] stats.gov.cn, (2011)http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/qtsj/ [Viewed 26 Feb.2011] Kotler P. (2000), Marketing management, New Jersey:Prentice Hall. strategicbusinessinsights.com http://www.strategicbusinessinsights.com/vals/ustypes.shtml [Viewed 26 Feb. 2011] Hollensen S. (2004) Global Marketing: a decision- oriented approach. Essex: Prentice Hall. Triumphmotorcycles.co.uk, (2011) http://www.triumphmotorcycles.co.uk/triumph-world [Viewed 28 Feb. 2011] Etest8.com (2011) http://www.etest8.com/html/180110.htm [Viewed 28 Feb. 2011] Keegan W. Green M. (2008) Global Marketing, United States of America: Pearson Prentice Hall. Harley-davidson.com, (2011) http://investor.harley-davidson.com/annual.cfm [Viewed 1 Mar. 2011] Triumphtaiwan.com, (2011) http://www.triumphtaiwan.com/2010-moto/price.html [Viewed 1 Mar. 2011] Zeji Z, (2008) Motorcycle industry urged to upgrade.http://en.ce.cn/Insight/200801/02/t20080102_14090054.shtml [Viewed 3 Mar. 2011] How to cite Developing a Global Marketing Plan for Triumph Motorcycles, Essay examples

Coming of Age Essay free essay sample

Evaluate the social constructs that have brought about similarities and differences between you and your interviewees, drawing conclusions about the influence of power and authority, gender and technology, continuity and change. There are a variety of social constructs that have brought about similarities and differences between the attitudes of society today and various societies and cultures in the 1970’s/1980’s. Through a series of interviews with people who ‘came of age’ in the 80’s, combined with secondary research, the aspects of continuity and change became apparent, particularly when discussing influences of power, authority, gender and technology. Power is the ability to influence the actions or points of view of other people. There are aspects of power have remained unchanged for young people since the 1980’s. The influence of parents is a defining factor according to both interviewees. One of my interviewees talked about how the main reason she wanted to achieve high marks academically, was because her mother never got the opportunity for tertiary education. Parents also hold the power to influence the religious beliefs of their children. My first interviewee was raised with Christian beliefs and values, however her views changed as she got older. My other interviewee was also raised with strong Catholic beliefs, which she has continued to value to this day and has consequently raised her children with these beliefs. My parents definitely have the power to influence how I behave. I know what they expect of me and that there will be consequences if I disobey them. They have had a strong influence on my personal religious beliefs. Most youth in society today choose their religious affinities, regardless of parental influence. However, in most respects the power parents’ hold has continued over the past few decades. Influences from celebrities and public figures are another aspect of power that has not changed. During the late 1970s and 80’s Madonna, Michael Jackson, Bon Jovi and Lionel Richie were all big names in music. My interviewees both described Madonna to be one of the larger influences on society, setting fashion trends and new ways of thinking. Youth today are heavily influenced by the music they listen to. Artists and bands such as Eminem, Maroon 5, Taylor Swift and Beyonce have influenced language, fashion and social ideas. Currently, social media heavily influences teenagers. Social media informs you about world happenings, the lives of friends and social standards. There was no concept of social media in the time period during which my interviewees were growing up. One of my interviewees, who grew up in India, felt as though religious figures had power. Catholics in India were quite traditional at the time. Nuns ran catholic schools, and priests and bishops were very respected. Youth today are not significantly influenced by religious figures. I think that being Catholic, priests do have some influence over me, but certainly not as much as they had over Christian youth in the 80’s. The power that family and celebrities wield is as significant today as in the past, however, the influence of religion has waned. Authority is the legitimate exercise of power. Political ideology has the power to shape attitudes of an era. Over the past few decades, teenagers coming of age have been vaguely aware of political happenings but have not appreciated its relevance. According to my second interviewee, in India it was always assumed that politicians would be corrupt, so there was never any trust or respect towards them. Currently Indian attitudes towards politicians have not changed with the media hype about corruption in political circles. Being a teenager in Australia, I do not feel very concerned about politics. I am aware of some political happenings, but it does not interest me. In contrast, teachers then and now have authority over teenagers. Teachers are not as respected or feared now as they were previously. In the past teachers had the authority to use physical punishments against students, which are illegal now. Similar to power, some aspects of authority have changed while others have continued on. Gender refers to the differences between males and females. Gender roles were far more traditional during the 1980’s, however changes from the early 1900’s were certainly taking place. In most households the man worked while the woman stayed home and looked after the children. This was true for my first interviewee. It was the same for my second interviewee, however her father died when she was quite young, so her mother had to work. In my home, roles are traditional in some basic ways as my mum does most of the cooking, while dad does most of the gardening. Both interviewees described most other roles within their households being fairly equal between males and females. Currently, both my parents work full time, even though my mum stayed home when we were younger. In India in the 70s and 80’s, men were more respected than women. Being female, my second interviewee described how her mother was payed less than men and was not as respected as a working class woman is today. Expectations for interviewee 2 herself were not as high as her brothers. In sport, both my interviewees said that there were particular male and female sports. Netball was a definite girls sport, while there was no thought of girls playing sports such as touch football. Now, expectations for males and females in society are more equal. Although, there are separate male and female categories for competitions, both genders are able to partake in the same sports. Technological developments from the 80s to now are arguably the social aspect that has evolved the most. My interviewees both conveyed that they had basic TV’s in their house holds during their teenage years. They first got their TV’s around the ages of 7 and 10. Even after having televisions in their homes, both interviewees had very limited time allocated to watch it. I have had a television in my house since I was born, while TV use has always been quite liberal. Neither interviewee used a computer at all though their education. Research was done in the library from books, rather than the internet that we use now. There was no concept of mobile phones during my interviewee’s coming of age. My first interviewee had a landline in her house through most of her childhood, whereas my second interviewee did not even get a landline until she was in her teenage years. The Sony Walkman was described as being one of the most popular technologies when they were growing us. It is the iPods, iPhones and MP3 Players that are the most common music devices now. Typewriters were used in the 80’s, but they were not common with my interviewees. Printers are widely used today, with typewriters being close to extinct. For teenagers, coming of age today depends heavily on technology. Almost every teen today carries a smart phone in their pocket. Laptops are used in schools around the country, with smartboards being common educational tools. From social media, to texting our means of communication are heavily dependant on technology, which is very different to the 80’s. The developments in technology over the past 30 years have shaped how our society functions in the present day. There are definitely social aspects of society that have changed since my interviewee 1 was coming of age in Australia, to when I’m coming of age now. Back then it was far more accepted that you would be out all day and home late, without your parents worrying about you. Drugs at parties were more common, and young people acknowledged it as a natural thing to do. The average school day of my first interviewee does not differ drastically to mine. She talked about how she could never afford to do more than one after school activity, which makes me grateful for the number of opportunities I have received to partake in extra curricular activities. Academically, things taught in core subjects at school were similar, however we have a much wider choice in subjects now. Specifically accepted ‘rights of passage’ within society have not changed. The main rights of passage included turning 18, driving and voting. The expectations she had from her parents were not very different to mine. She was expected to try her best, however was always encouraged to do what she loved. There are many obvious changes that have occurred in Australian society over this period of time, however it is evident that are many areas where continuity is prevalent. The society and culture where my second interviewee grew up was very different to mine. We are both Catholic, however her experience with Christianity growing up was very different to mine. In Australia, Christians make up 60% of the population, making it a common, widely accepted religion. Growing up in India, Catholics were a minority group who made up just 3% of the population. They were never fully accepted as ‘proper’ Indians. Rights of passage in India during the 80’s included your 18th and 21st birthdays as you were accepted as adults. The transition from high school at the end of your 10 was a big thing. This parallels the ‘right of passage’ of completing high school as well as the sense of adulthood you receive when turning 18 in Australia. Corporal punishments were common in the1980’s India, a far cry from attitudes today. It was not uncommon for my interviewee’s mother to smack her as punishment. My second interviewee also expressed how teachers would commonly throw dusters at you or humiliate you in front of the class. Her family values were similar to mine. We were both brought up in Catholic homes, where you were taught to show respect to others. It is evident that societies and cultures evolve over time. Attitudes and values people have change, however many stay the same. Both continuity and change are displayed through the social constructs that make up societies.